Greg Mossop, G0DUB reports that a message sent by the Organization for Amateur Radio in Indonesia (ORARI) on Friday announces that, in response to the activation of the ANAK KRAKATAU volcano in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra, The frequencies of 7100 and 7110 kHz LSB will be used for emergency voice comms and JS8Call data comms respectively.

Operators are encouraged to maintain a listening watch where possible and to follow any further operational announcements issued by ORARI.

The cooperation and support by radio amateurs during this emergency communication operation are greatly appreciated.

The message is signed by YB1BTM, Ageng Aditya, Disaster Communication Committee Chair in IARU Region 3,

ANAK KRAKATAU is the name given to the resurgence of the volcano that was KRAKATAU, a mountain which literally blew up and disappeared in the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history in 1883. ANAK means “child of” in local dialect, and refers to the remnant of the original volcano which has slowly been brewing, spitting out lava, and rebuilding a volcanic mound again.

Its last severe eruption was in 2018, when the south west portion of the volcanic mound slid into the ocean triggering a tsunami resulting in 437 deaths and 31900 injuries, when the waves struck coastal regions of western Java and southern Sumatra.

It would appear that the spirit of KRAKATAU is still alive and smouldering in central Indonesia.

In its letter for 10^th September, the ARRL honours James Clerk Maxwell, regarded as the “grandfather” of radio, for his theory of electromagnetic radiation, which laid the foundation for all modern electronic communication techniques, in spite of the fact that the average person knows little or nothing about him. The community where he is buried hopes to change that, as does the James Clerk Maxwell Radio Society, MMØPMS.

James Clerk Maxwell died in 1879 and is buried at the church in Parton, Scotland. The Church of Scotland has put the Parton Kirk, or Church, up for sale. The local community has been given the first option to purchase the building and is attempting to raise the funds to do so. According to Richard Hopkins MM1BHO, co-founder of the James Clerk Maxwell Radio Society, the town of Parton is keen to preserve the Church and develop a Science and Community Centre named after him, to celebrate his scientific contribution and life, and at the same time provide a legacy facility for the community. More information is available on the MM0PMS page on QRZ.com.

Amateur radio emergency communications does not usually require messages to be sent more than 14000km, but a story from the Falkands war 44 years ago bears repeating.

Bob McLeod was a radio ham on Falklands and was the first to break the news to the world that the Falklands had been invaded. However, he drew attention to his own presence by his signals, and his equipment was quickly confiscated by the enemy.

On 29^th May 1982, 2 PARA had fought a gruesome battle to take Goose Green, freeing more than 100 villagers who had been held captive in a hall by the Argentinians for almost seven weeks. Eighteen British soldiers died in that fight. Back at home, the families of 2 PARA had heard nothing since the soldiers had set sail and had no way of contacting them.

Alan Bullock was the Forward Observation Officer of D Company, 2 PARA and while walking through the main street of Goose Green, spotted an antenna on the house belonging to Bob. (The antenna had not been confiscated by the enemy.) So he knocked on the door of the house, and Bob answered, and admitted to being a radio amateur, but without equipment.

Bob’s wife suggested that Bob’s 50w amplifier could be used. This had been hidden away under the stairs. As a Forward Observation Officer, Alan had his state-of-the-art at the time, military clansman radio which, with power of only 20 watts for communicating over short distances, could be hooked up to the amplifier.

To get messages back to the UK, Bob made contact with John Wright, a radio amateur in Oxford who he had been chatting to over the airwaves for many years. Together, Bob and John devised a cryptic code for their conversation and each transmitted on a different frequency, in case anyone was listening.

John was sent a soldier’s phone number and a short message over the air to pass on to his family.

Word quickly got around the troops and soon it wasn’t just D Company’s families Bob and John were contacting. Before long, there was a queue outside Bob’s door, with each message always the same – ‘I am safe’. 

John said: “Normally, amateur radio enthusiasts talk about their radio equipment, or experiments they’re doing.

“In this case, the communication was to pass family (third party) traffic which, under normal circumstances, isn’t allowed, but I threw caution to the wind and did what I could as quickly and as clandestinely as possible.”

Successfully, this took a lot of worry off the shoulders of the soldiers whose families were contacted, and they agreed they were all very grateful for that.

Thanks to forcesnews.com for the gist of this story.

Such messages are being passed in Tibet after the glacier and landslide, in Indonesia after the volcanic eruption, and in many other emergency situations worldwide. The role of the amateur radio emergency operator will never fall away.

For most radio amateurs, whether they use Morse Code on a daily basis or not, the rhythm of Continuous Wave, as it is formally called, is recognizable and to an extent reassuring.

The seemingly trivial ability to hear a regular pulse in music is a remarkable—and perhaps distinctively human—feature of the brain. In a wide-ranging critical review, Gábor Háden of the HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences and Henkjan Honing of the University of Amsterdam evaluated more than two decades of research into how this capacity develops and has evolved. Their paper was published this week in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Beat perception allows us to extract a regular pulse from a rhythm. It makes it possible to clap along, dance together and coordinate a musical ensemble. The review critically examines four often-made claims: 1) that beat processing is near-universal across human cultures, 2) that it develops spontaneously, 3) that it supports a distinctive form of predictive timing and 4) that it is rare across other species. The conclusion of the paper is deliberately nuanced: The foundations of beat perception appear to be present at birth and are refined by experience, movement and culture, but the available evidence does not justify every stronger claim made in the field.

However, you are fully justified in playing CW conversations to your infant children. They will resonate with their innate rhythms just as well as lullabies.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR, preparing for the flack, and reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

Huge rescue efforts are still underway in Nepal, in the wake of the collapsed glacier and resulting landslide that has killed more than 1000 people. It appears that there are still about 1000 people trapped in hydropower station tunnels.

Rescue Specialist Arnold Dix is coordinating remote assistance to locate survivors in those underground facilities, with teams drilling from above, hoping to be in the right locations to get into the tunnels, whilst facing extreme challenges including boulders up to 10 metres in size, hardened mud and floodwaters that are estimated to have travelled at nearly 200km/h down the valley.

Masses of tourists from around the world were visiting the area for religious festivals, and many countries are searching for 40 to 50 of their citizens still unaccounted for. They may perhaps never be found, buried in tonnes of mud.

The disaster has destroyed 14 or 15 hydropower stations in the valley, and any rescue work is hampered by difficult terrain requiring all rescue equipment to be brought in by helicopters, whose maximum weight carrying limit is 3 tonnes.

Cbc.ca reports that Geoscientist Jakob Steiner says it looks like “someone took a knife,” cut a 1,300-metre-wide chunk from the lower part of a glacier on Nepal’s Himalayas and “dropped it off the mountain cliff.”

The researcher at the University of Graz in Austria says the “blast” of ice, rock and sediment that came crashing down 1.2 km, from a height of 5,000 metres above sea level, temporarily dammed the river below and created a lake.

Once that lake filled with the enormous amount of water released from the glacier, Steiner says the dam breached and unleashed the violent torrent that pummeled downstream villages on either side of the border and buried them in mud. 

This accounts for the secondary floods that affected towns and villages further downstream, as well as across the border in Tibet.

The Guardian says that over 4000 people were still unaccounted for, but that Nepal’s Chitwan district has become the site of mass burials for hundreds of unidentified victims whose bodies were swept away by the devastating flash floods. Authorities have dug ⁠hundreds of graves in the district’s Devghat forest, which is serving as a temporary burial ground for bodies too badly decomposed to be identified.

Morgues across Nepal are already overflowing. Authorities have been overwhelmed trying to identify the dead, with many bodies beyond recognition, turning up miles downstream.

Happily, 11800 people were rescued after the flood and the Nepalese army deployed 9200 personnel to assist with search and rescue activities.

On the Chinese/Tibetan side of the border, advanced technologies were mobilized to support rescue operations, including disaster-information datasets, aerial assets overcoming road and communication blockage, reconnaissance drones surveying the disaster area and searching for stranded people, and satellite remote sensing for disaster monitoring, according to media reports.

Meanwhile Tropical Cyclone SAUDEL, mentioned in last weekend’s bulletin seems to have stalled in the South China Sea, not reaching coastlines, and situated southwest of Japan, northeast of Philippines, and southeast of the coast of China. 13 million people remain threatened by winds of greater than 120km/h, and maximum wind speeds in the cyclone are being measured at 210km/h.

Dig.watch notes that, at the beginning of Deaf Awareness Month, South Africa’s Department of Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities has called for South African Sign Language to be integrated into public services to improve access to information and government services for deaf and hard-of-hearing people.

Speaking at the launch of Deaf Awareness Month, the department’s Chief Director for Advocacy and Mainstreaming, Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Phuthi Mabelebele, said accessible communication should be incorporated into government planning, budgeting, procurement, monitoring, and accountability systems. She also called for public service information, including emergency and disaster communications, to be provided in accessible formats.

South African Sign Language was recognised as an official language following the signing of the South African Sign Language Bill into law in 2023. The department said improving accessibility in public services is necessary to enable deaf and hard-of-hearing people to access information and exercise their rights on an equal basis.

As more public information and services are delivered through digital and other communication channels, inaccessible formats can prevent people with disabilities from accessing essential information and services. Making accessibility part of government planning and procurement can help address these barriers before services are introduced.

For deaf and hard-of-hearing people, access to information in a recognised language is closely connected to participation in public life. Ensuring that communication systems and public services accommodate South African Sign Language can therefore support more equal access to government and civic services.

Ian Bradley, ZS1BR has sent me a short report of the Malmesbury motor rally, held yesterday the 5^th. He writes:

“Eight radio operators were asked to assist at the Malmesbury Rally this year, with responsibilities ranging from riding with the officials to manning the start and end of rally stages.

“Primary operations were carried out on the 145.650MHz repeater, but, to complicate the situation, the start of stage 1 could only be reached by the 145.625MHz Picketberg repeater.

“All stages ran on time with only three withdrawals due to mechanical failure and the event was wrapped up by 15:00.

“Thanks go to Johann ZS1JM, Jan ZS1LAM, Conradt ZS1ES, Andre ZS1ATX, Justin ZR1JJ, and extra special thanks to our two first timers Andrew ZS1BAT and Michail ZR1CS for volunteering their time and equipment to make it a safe and enjoyable day out!”

And thanks to you Ian, for your part in the comms plan, and for writing the report.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

Sudden flash floods wrought havoc in northern Nepal on Wednesday, washing away vehicles, damaging homes, roads and critical infrastructure near the Tibetan border. Authorities launched rescue and relief operations after floodwaters surged through parts of Rasuwa district, triggering evacuations along riverbanks. The disaster has disrupted transport links, electricity supply and raised fears of casualties as emergency teams race to assess the damage. The cause of the flood is said to be the collapse of a glacier on the Nepal side of the Himalayan mountains.

Phys.org reports that Geomorphologists Kristen Cook and Dan Shugar said initial images from Nepal were obscured by clouds and dust from the debris, so they could only see that part of a glacier had broken off from Langtang Lirung peak, near the border with Tibet. In clearer images from Thursday, they said they could see that the bedrock underneath the glacier had collapsed, taking the massive chunk of ice down with it and sending boulders and ice into the valley.

“It shows the whole area without anything hidden, and we could see that, yes, it looked like there was not only this glacier that had failed, but a much larger chunk of the bedrock of the mountainside itself that had given way,” said Shugar, associate professor at the University of Calgary. “You have this big bedrock failure that took part of the glacier with it.”

The death toll was in the mid 500’s by Friday midday, with 2500 missing or unaccounted for, and 93000 people affected, according to the Red Cross. Rescuers continue the search for at least 2500 people, many of them tourists, from places like India, the US, the UK, Australia and Canada, in areas where dozens of bridges and almost 40km or roads have been destroyed

The UK, the EU, India, the US and the Red Cross have all provided immediate aid or pledges of aid.

There is a fear of a secondary flood, as the flood waters have filled a lake at a site along the Tibet-Nepal border, prompting fears that it could burst its banks. Chinese authorities in Tibet say hundreds of people are missing and three deaths have been recorded there.

Tropical Cyclone SAUDEL in the north-west Pacific, with wind speeds forecast to be up to 210km/h, has been threatening the Northern Mariana Islands, Japan and China since early in the week. 13 million people are in the path of 120km/h winds. As of Friday, it had missed the northern tip of Philippines, and the southern tip of Japan, and was headed towards the coast of mainland China.

Einthoven University of Technology Student Solar Team has successfully completed the first practical tests of the solar ambulance Stella Juva in Kenya. The ambulance generates more solar energy than it consumes during medical use. This demonstrates that Stella Juva can operate independently without relying on an electricity grid or fuel. To test the delivery of health care powered by the sun, the student team drove to several remote field locations in Kenya.

Writing in medicalxpress.com, the Solar Team reports that Stella Juva was developed by 23 students with the aim of making medical care accessible to people in remote areas where reliable infrastructure, electricity and fuel are lacking. In doing so, Solar Team Eindhoven wants to accelerate the transition to a more sustainable future while also making a social impact. For its development, the team collaborated with the international health organization Amref Health Africa.

Unlike a traditional ambulance, Stella Juva brings health care directly to people. The solar ambulance generates energy using solar panels on the roof and, while stationary, via extendable panels on the sides of the vehicle. This energy proves sufficient to drive and power medical equipment.

The team tested Stella Juva at various field locations in Kenya around the Narok region. The solar ambulance is approved for use on public roads, meaning it could be deployed on both paved and unpaved roads—the conditions in which the vehicle could ultimately be used. At one point, the team spent six hours traveling on challenging roads to reach a remote field location in Mosiro.

In total, the team covered more than 800 kilometers. Aside from a broken steering rod, which was replaced within half an hour, the vehicle hardly ran into any problems on the challenging route. This demonstrated that the solar ambulance is reliable and performs well under challenging conditions.

Stella Juva is equipped with medical equipment that is urgently needed by health organizations in remote locations, such as an X-ray machine, ultrasound, automated external defibrillator (AED) and cooling equipment for vaccines. During a two-day test with Amref Health Africa, the solar ambulance proved that it could have provided medical care to approximately 200 people.

While stationary, Stella Juva generated far more solar energy than it consumed while using all the medical equipment simultaneously. This showed that the solar ambulance can operate in an energy-independent manner, allowing health care workers to keep using medical equipment at all times.

“It is really great for the team to see the potential of Stella Juva in practice,” says team manager Mathijs van Gerven, “not only to drive sustainably, but also to be able to provide fully independent care. Especially in remote areas where energy is often scarce, this can make all the difference.”

Two interesting apps have been announced for your windows desktop on the Amateur Radio Weekly menu.

The first is “Spothole” for HF enthusiasts, which is an aggregator of amateur radio spots from DX clusters and outdoor activity programmes. It’s free for anyone to use and includes an API that developers can build other applications on. Go to spothole.app, and you will find a live constantly updating list of stations that are currently on the air, their frequency and mode, as well as the type of activity they are engaged in, such as POTA, or WWFF, and also the station that posted the DX. This is very convenient, and easy to use.

The other is DXChrono, which is a free web-based application designed specifically for amateur radio operators, shortwave listeners, and anyone interested in global time visualisation. It provides real-time visualisation of time zones, propagation conditions, and solar activity across the world map.

The application combines accurate time zone calculations with live solar data to help users understand optimal transmission times, greyline propagation, and worldwide communication patterns. For a full local shack display with DX Cluster, N1MM+, satellites, and more, see DXChrono Desktop.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

A report in chroniclejournal.com, written by Darryl Greer says that a caver has been rescued after being trapped vertically underground at the Rat’s Nest Cave in Canmore, Alberta, Canada, in an operation that deployed volunteer-built underground radio technology for the first time. Search and Rescue Alberta says the man became pinned in a tight spot known as the “Psych Squeeze” around 11:30 a.m. local time on Saturday.

The Alberta/BC Cave Rescue team was called in, and hammer drills were used to remove rock, with the caver eased out in a process measured in “inches per hour.” Search and Rescue Alberta says the man was freed around 10 p.m. and he finally emerged from the cave around midnight, after an operation involving 13 cave rescuers, 10 firefighters and two Kananaskis Mountain rescue members.

The rescue group says a cave radio that transmits signals through rock was used in a live operation for the first time. The technology was developed by members of Alberta/BC Cave Rescue, which is part of Search and Rescue Alberta, in response to the difficulty of using traditional communication methods like phones, radios or GPS underground.

“By providing reliable text-based communications from deep inside caves to the surface, or between different locations in a cave, teams can now deploy with equipment that is purpose-built by the rescuers who will use them in the field,” Search and Rescue Alberta says in a news release.

It says the new radios are smaller and lighter than traditional analog cave radios, which use technology that can no longer be repaired.

The rescue team now has a cave radio system using technology known as QDX-M, capable of communicating through more than 500 metres of solid rock, the release says.

“Such units are not currently available commercially at an affordable cost, so the benefits of volunteer design and construction work by cavers with electrical engineering and amateur radio backgrounds has been considerable,” it says.

John Alexander, the CEO of Search and Rescue Alberta, said the Rat’s Nest rescue “is a display of what can be achieved when multiple emergency response agencies come together in collaboration, and of the incredible innovation and initiative taken by our 1,500 volunteer search and rescue professionals who defy odds and overcome barriers every day, so others may live.”

Thanks to Darryl Greer for his article.

Popular Mechanics is reporting this week that few things are more dangerous to living beings than radioactive material. The ionizing radiation emitted by radionuclides can damage tissue and alter human DNA, so in a way, it’s remarkable just how cavalier Western countries have often been in their choice of methods to dispose of this extremely dangerous waste.

Europe decided to dump more than 200,000 barrels of radioactive waste into the Atlantic Ocean between 1971 and 1982!

For the past two years, scientists from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) have used resources from the French Oceanographic Fleet to survey the North Atlantic nuclear waste disposal site. They’ve discovered thousands of barrels lying on the seafloor covered in sea sponges, anemones, and crabs. In 2025, the CNRS canvassed the 14,500-square-kilometre spill site with an autonomous robot capable of diving to a depth of 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) and used a multi-beam echo-sounder and synthetic antenna imaging sonar to map huge areas of the seabed. Although the robot mapped only 2 percent of the spill area, it successfully found 3,500 barrels of radioactive waste.

“The barrels alter the environment by providing a hard substrate that becomes colonized, potentially facilitating the transfer of radionuclides to living organisms,” two researchers involved in the project, Javier Escartin and Patrick Chardon wrote in The Conversation. “This is one of the first radio-ecological studies in the deep sea, requiring the implementation and development of new procedures and methodologies ranging from the definition of the sampling strategy to onboard radiation protection.”

While it’s too late to undo the damage inflicted on the environment by previous generations, having a deeper understanding of how these systematic episodes of pollution impacted the world will help future generations avoid making the same mistakes.

Thank you to Popular Mechanics for these excerpts from their article.

The ARRL, writing in their letter of Friday says that Hawaii was bracing for Hurricane Lala last week. The eye of the hurricane skirted Hawaii’s Big Island without making landfall but left heavy wind and rain damage. On Saturday, August 15, and Sunday, August 16, 2026, amateur radio operators throughout the state assisted emergency management agencies during the hurricane’s approach.

Several Big Island locations received over 90cm of rain, with Laupāhoehoe recording more than 1070 mm in just two days. The Nāhuku Lava Tube and Nene Cabin, one of two A-frame vacation cabins located just outside Hawaii Volcanoes National Park in Volcano, received just over 920 mm of rain. Hurricane-force gusts up to 220km/h were recorded at Mauna Kea’s summit.

National Weather Service (NWS) radar for Saturday, August 16, 2026, at midnight UTC, showed the 80km approach of Hurricane Lala to South Point on the Big Island. South Point is the southernmost location in the United States. The greatest damage occurred at Naalehu in the Big Island district of Kau, where the runoff from the torrential rains on Saturday night devastated the community. Roads were blocked and damaged, which isolated and impeded response.

Torsten ZS1ABT reports that HAMNET assisted in event communications on Sunday 16 August (2026) at the Kogelberg Biosphere Trail Series Super League trail run.

ZS1ABT set up BASE radio at the Kleinmond Day Camp before sun rise, and was later joined by ZS1GA, ZS1SWN and ZS1HR.

ZS1CBY deployed west above the Palmiet lagoon with his 4×4 vehicle to provide communications relay to stations beyond line of sight of BASE.

106 runners completed the 23 km extra-long course, with only one runner dropping out due to injury.

Special thanks go out to the members of the Winelands ARC who cut their time short at the Hangklip lighthouse, as part of the International Lighthouse Weekend, to assist at this event.

Finally, remember that the 26^th August is International Dog Day, so please be extra specially kind to your furbaby on Wednesday!

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR, sharing my private stash of biltong with my doggie, and reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

Greg Mossop G0DUB reports that a major magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) region of Indonesia early on Saturday morning. Preliminary reports indicate damage to buildings and disruption to normal communications infrastructure in several affected areas.

In support of ongoing emergency and disaster-response communications, amateur radio operators in Indonesia and throughout the Region are respectfully requested to keep the following frequencies clear and avoid causing interference to emergency traffic:

40 metres: 7.110 MHz

2 metres: 145.100 MHz

7.110 MHz is being used for HF emergency communications, while 145.100 MHz is being used for local VHF coordination in affected areas.

All amateur radio operators are requested to give absolute priority to emergency and disaster-relief traffic on these frequencies and to monitor without transmitting unless specifically requested to assist.

The IARU Region 3 Disaster Communication Committee, together with the relevant emergency communication coordinators and IARU Region 3 officials, remains on standby and is coordinating as necessary to support any requests for amateur radio emergency communication assistance.

We appreciate the cooperation and discipline of the amateur radio community during this emergency.

This report came via Greg from Ageng Aditya, YB1BTM, Disaster Communications Coordinator for IARU Region 3.

Redcross.org reports that, after their magnitude 7.4 earthquake of 10^th August, the Colombian Red Cross has been supporting the national response through coordinated emergency operations and specialized response teams. They have activated their National Crisis Room and telecommunications systems, mobilized 17 search and rescue teams – including 585 personnel and 19 canine units – coordinated with national authorities and remain prepared to deploy additional health and emergency response capacities as required.

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) has also activated its large-scale emergency readiness plan in Colombia and is coordinating closely with the Colombian Red Cross to assess needs, mobilize technical support and provide other assistance.

Meanwhile en.people.cn reports that China has released a five-year plan to spur the development of the safety and emergency equipment industry this week, stressing the role of leading enterprises in enhancing the country’s emergency response capabilities.

The plan, jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Emergency Management, aims significantly to raise the industry’s scale, technological capabilities, product quality and application levels by 2030, with output in key areas reaching 1.4 trillion yuan.

It also calls for breakthroughs in key technologies, the development of more application scenarios and the cultivation of internationally competitive leading enterprises by 2030.

China’s safety and emergency equipment industry has grown rapidly in recent years, with output in key areas surpassing 1 trillion yuan in 2025.

New technologies and equipment have been increasingly deployed in frontline rescue and relief operations. During this year’s flood season, drones and satellite communications systems were used to detect risks at dams and ensure communications during emergencies, making flood control and disaster response more precise and efficient.

In January, a guideline on promoting innovation in emergency management equipment set out targets for breakthroughs in more than 20 key technologies, the development of over 20 types of innovative equipment and the wider application of more than 30 types of advanced equipment by the end of 2027.

Popular Mechanics reports this week that, nestled between Hawaii and the western coast of Mexico, lies the Pacific Ocean’s Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a 4.5 million-kilometer-square area of abyssal plain bordered by the Clarion and Clipperton Fracture Zones. Although this stretch of sea is a vibrant ecosystem filled with marine life, the CCZ is known best for its immense collection of potato-sized rocks known as polymetallic nodules.

These rocks, of which there are potentially trillions, are filled with rich deposits of nickel, manganese, copper, zinc, and cobalt. Those particular metals are vital for the batteries needed to power a green energy future, leading some mining companies to refer to the nodules as “batteries in a rock.”

However, a study reports that these nodules might be much more than simply a collection of valuable materials for electric cars—they also produce oxygen 4,000 meters below the surface where sunlight can’t reach.

This unexpected source of “dark oxygen,” as it’s called, redefines the role these nodules play in the CCZ. The rocks could also rewrite the script on not only how life began on this planet, but also its potential to take hold on other worlds within our Solar System, such as the moons Enceladus or Europa. The results of this study were first published in July 2024 in the journal Nature Geoscience.

“For aerobic life to begin on the planet,” Andrew Sweetman, deep-sea ecologist with the Scottish Association for Marine Science and lead author of the study said in a press statement, “there had to be oxygen and our understanding has been that Earth’s oxygen supply began with photosynthetic organisms. But we now know that there is oxygen produced in the deep sea, where there is no light. I think we therefore need to revisit questions like: where could aerobic life have begun?”

The journey toward this discovery began more than a decade ago when Sweetman began analyzing how oxygen levels decreased further into the depths of the ocean. So it came as a surprise in 2013 when sensors returned increased levels of oxygen in the CCZ. At the time, Sweetman dismissed the data as the result of faulty sensors, but future studies showed that this abyssal plain somehow produced oxygen.

Taking note of the nodule’s “battery in a rock” tagline, Sweetman wondered if the minerals found in these nodules were somehow acting as a kind of “geobattery” by separating hydrogen and oxygen via seawater electrolysis.

A 2023 study showed that various bacteria and archaea can create “dark oxygen,” so Sweetman and his team recreated the conditions of the CCZ in a laboratory and killed off any microorganisms with mercury chloride—surprisingly, oxygen levels continued rising.

This discovery adds more fuel to the already-fiery debate over what to do with these nodules. Mining outfits like the Metals Company, whose CEO coined the phrase “battery in a rock,” sees these nodules as the answer to our energy problems. However, 25 countries want the governing body—the International Seabed Authority (ISA) Council—to implement a moratorium, or at the very least a precautionary pause, so more research can be conducted to see how mining these nodules could affect the ocean. This is especially vital considering that the world’s seas are already facing a litany of climate challenges, including acidification, deoxygenation, and pollution.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

First of all, Happy Women’s Day to all the girls out there! Thank you for all you do, to keep the world rotating.

The alert for Tropical Cyclone DOLPHIN in the NW pacific has been raised to an orange level, with further forecasts predicting it will move from the Marshall Islands in the general direction of China and Japan. Maximum wind speeds of 270km/h are still predicted, and the estimated population affected by category 1 (120 km/h) wind speeds or higher currently is 4.1 million.

The projected path of the storm seems to imply that DOLPHIN will travel in a NW direction between the Northern tip of the Philippines, and the Southern end of Japan’s South Island, bringing storms to Japan, but eventually smacking straight into the SE coast of China, where I expect the most damage to be done.

The planning meeting for the Koeberg Communications Exercise to take place on the 18^th August in Cape Town was held this week on the 7^th. A Disaster Ops Centre will be set up on the 18^th at Goodwood Disaster Risk Management Centre, once the start-of-exercise SMS is received from Disaster Management. HAMNET will be represented in the Strat Room downstairs with any extra ham onlookers upstairs in the overflow auditorium, which has audio and video connectivity to downstairs.

Danie ZS1OSS is our main liaison with DRM, and has suggested all ham attendees have handheld radios tuned to 145.250 MHz simplex, with earpieces, to minimize noise in either auditorium. In a real event HAMNET’s role could be to deploy members to the DOC, to the ZS1DCC radio room, and to vital locations with no communications such as at traffic roadblocks, a mass care centre location, or Koeberg itself. Our primary role is to help re-establish communications which may include taking MeshCore companion node with us.

No mass care centre will be set up for this exercise, but will be for the planned National Exercise in September.

Brian Jacobs ZS6YZ sent me a report yesterday saying that HAMNET Gauteng participated in the 2nd African Rover Moot, providing camp communications and showing off some of the communications equipment that is used to provide emergency communications.

Brian ZS6YZ and Willem ZS6WIM set up the HAMNET Gauteng Emergency trailer and from there provided camp communications for the duration of the Moot.

Last Sunday and Monday they showcased the equipment and discussed the importance of amateur radio in emergencies when commercial telecommunications systems are vulnerable and often fail.

These discussions continued throughout the week with a number of delegates spending time individually with the team to find out more about amateur radio, whether there are Amateur Radio Societies in their countries and who they should contact either to become Radio Amateurs or to arrange for Radio Amateurs to assist with JOTA/JOTI. This is important in light of the fact that the African Telecommunications Union also has an initiative to develop Amateur Radio in Africa.

Fruitful discussions also took place at an international level with Scout leaders present as to how Scouts in general and Radio Amateurs can come together to serve the youth and so mutually benefit both organisations.

The week’s activities culminated in a cultural day where dignitaries and visitors met the scouts and experienced the cultures of all the countries that attended the Moot.

HAMNET also had the opportunity to talk to other Service organisations and build relations resulting in an invitation to present Amateur Radio and Emergency Communications to these organisations.

Thank you for the report, Brian.

You may have heard that a piece of one of Elon Musk’s rockets that launched two private lunar landers to the moon last year, crashed into the moon this week. Phys.org says that the Korea Aerospace Research Institute’s Danuri spacecraft flew over the impact site soon after the Falcon 9 upper stage inadvertently ploughed into the moon on Wednesday. Danuri made multiple passes, snapping photos from lunar orbit that were released by the space agency on Thursday.

The terrain is noticeably darker where the rocket hit and carved out a crater, sending dust and rock everywhere. Korean space officials said Danuri gathered before and after shots. Elon Musk’s SpaceX launched Danuri from Cape Canaveral in 2022.

NASA expects its Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to fly over the crash site next week to view the aftermath.

SpaceX sent the pair of private lunar landers to the moon last year. The upper stage from that launch is what crashed into the moon this week at 8,700 km/h, placed on an accidental collision course by solar activity and gravity, according to SpaceX.

This is the second manmade crater created on the moon. In 2022, a stage of a Chinese Moon mission crashed into the moon, but on the far side, and thus not visible to earth.

Hot of the press, so to speak, and received last night at 18h15, Ian Bradley ZS1BR sent me a report of the All Tar Rally held in Cape Town yesterday. He says:

“Reporting live from Killarney:

“Radio amateurs were again requested to assist at the annual All Tar Rally held at the Killarney Raceway where rally cars and track cars, or “challengers”, fight it out in unconventional stages.

“The initial two stages went off without a hitch, although several cars were knocked out with mechanical failures. A crash in the fourth stage required a recovery team as the car was blocking the track, but thankfully there were no injuries.

“Due to the large field of competitors, as well as a few minor incidents on the track and other delays, the final stage began just as the rain started. Thankfully this did not cause any additional issues and the final car crossed the line just after 17:00.

“This year we were assisted by three new amateur operators, namely George ZS1GLH, Jean ZR1JT, and Justin ZR1JJ, who filled in at the last minute. Special thanks to them and their ability to learn fast and under extreme pressure. We hope they weren’t intimidated or scared off, because not all rallies are quite as challenging!

“Thanks also go to Johann ZS1JM and Andre ZS1ATX at the track, as well as Davy ZR1FR and the rest of the team working in the background.”

And thanks to you Ian, for so conscientiously writing the report in your car, and still at Killarney.

This is Dave Reece, writing from an icy and wet Cape Town, and reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

GDACS is reporting that the death toll from the magnitude 7.1 earthquake that struck the southern tip of Japan on 28^th July has now reached more than 35. Raillynews.com says that entire neighbourhoods lie in ruins, infrastructure has crumbled, and people are still missing.

80000 households are without water, over 4500 are without electricity, and transportation modes and routes are totally disrupted. Sniffer dogs helped rescuers to make a sweep of a shopping mall wrecked by an explosion after the earthquake, causing collapse of the 1^st floor killing several and wounding even more.

It appears the Marshall Islands in the south China Seas are again being threatened by a strong tropical cyclone, this one called DOLPHIN, with potential wind speeds of 270km/h, and approaching the islands from the south east. On Friday, projections suggested that about 4500 people at that stage were in the path of 120km/h winds, or higher.

As part of the report mentioned in the HQ bulletin earlier about HAMNET members successfully tracking the intruders on UHF, Brian ZS6YZ, HAMNET National Director reminds us that the use of radio equipment, be they receivers or transmitters (or both) is regulated by law and ICASA. Most two-way radio equipment and its use is subject to strict licensing control.

On the internet, it is very easy to buy virtually anything online, and unfortunately, two-way radio equipment, which is controlled apparatus, is easily obtained and used in ways that infringe on other licensed users’ spectrum / frequencies.

The purchase of handheld VHF/UHF radios over Temu, Bangood and other Chinese retailers, without the right license (Amateur Radio ONLY), is highly illegal and will land you a date with the men with hand-cuffs. A R700 illegal radio will certainly lead to an expensive fine later on in Court if it is found in the hands of a person without the appropriate license. It is also illegal for any person/company to sell or program a two-way radio to anyone without the required ICASA dealers’ license.

He notes further that there is a massive problem in South Africa regarding unregulated imports of controlled equipment which pose risks to other licensed users and which enable criminals and syndicates, as they can use Amateur Radio equipment to illegally jam or listen in on other people’s radio networks.

Brian thanks ICASA and the volunteers from the Amateur Radio fraternity and SARL HAMNET Gauteng who led the operation to crack down on illegal use of Amateur Radio spectrum by commercial and private entities and who cause interference to other licensed users.

Thank you, Brian, for that news and important warning.

For those of you in the Northern Hemisphere, there will be a total Solar Eclipse on Wednesday the 12^th August, visible from parts of Greenland, Iceland, northern Russia, the Atlantic Ocean, Spain, and a small corner of Portugal.

During the eclipse, NASA will conduct several experiments along the path of totality. To study the Sun’s corona, a NASA-funded science team will chase the Moon’s shadow with a WB 57 high altitude research aircraft. At the same time, students participating in the NASA-supported Nationwide Eclipse Ballooning Project will launch scientific balloons in Iceland and Spain before, during, and after the eclipse to explore how temporary darkness affects Earth’s atmosphere.

Sfgate.com from British Columbia reports that a group of teenagers set out to hike the famed Howe Sound Crest Trail in early July, Google Maps suggesting the trek would take about five hours. Instead, the hike stretched deep into the night, leaving the group exhausted, dehydrated, injured and in need of a helicopter rescue.

Maria Masiar, training officer and search manager with Lions Bay Search and Rescue, said that the group was listening to a source that was inaccurate, and which led them along a series of poor decision points.

The Howe Sound Crest Trail is one of British Columbia’s most iconic alpine trails, following a rugged ridgeline overlooking Howe Sound just north of Vancouver. Although the approximately 32km route with a 2000 metre elevation gain can be completed by experienced trail runners in a day, search and rescue officials generally recommend hikers treat it as a two-day backpacking trip.

The teenagers, all 17 years old, believed Google Maps’ estimate that the route would take about five hours. The printed directions they were carrying, which were shared publicly by Lions Bay Search and Rescue, gave simple instructions for two legs of the trail, but didn’t account for the terrain or elevation.

“[Google Maps] was calculating the time that you’re walking a straight road on pavement,” Masiar said. “When you get into outdoor terrain that calculation no longer holds true.”

Expecting only a short outing, each hiker carried about half a liter of water and limited food. There are no reliable water sources along the trail, meaning hikers must carry enough supplies for the entire route. As the group climbed, they began suffering from dehydration and muscle cramps but continued onward despite falling dramatically behind schedule.

Eventually, the group made the decision to turn back and abandon making it to the end of the trail — and as the sun began to set and the group started to descend, fatigue took its toll.

According to Masiar, members of the group had already stumbled and fallen several times while trying to race the coming darkness and only one hiker had a headlamp. Eventually, another hiker slipped about 3 metres off a boulder, injuring his coccyx badly enough that he could no longer continue. Search and rescue crews responded, ultimately evacuating him by helicopter.

While headlines about the rescue focused on Google Maps, Masiar said the bigger issue is that many inexperienced hikers don’t realize the app was never intended to be a backcountry navigation tool.

Thank you to sfgate.com for that alarming story.

Those of you who appreciate pets will be happy to know that International Cat Day falls on the 8^th of August, and International Dog Day on 26^th August. The ARRL Letter of 30^th July says that an international group of operators from Latvia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Netherlands, India, and Germany, will be on the air throughout the month in a mutual celebration of International Cat Day and International Dog Day.

The combined special event stations will be active from 1^st to 31^st August 2026 to call attention to the needs of abandoned, abused and homeless pets around the world.

In the United States, a team of operators will be on the air as KØDOG, operating throughout the country at different times. Additional dog-station call signs will include YL1DOG, GB4DOG, VU2MGS, DLØDOG and PDØØDOG. Cat stations will be calling CQ as DLØCAT, GB4CAT and DAØCAT. All operators will be on the HF bands using CW and SSB. Please honour your furbabies by looking for these stations on the air during August.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR, hastily teaching my dog to send CQ by CW, and reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

Newsreel.com.au says that Disaster communications and response in Far North Queensland have been boosted by a doubling of satellite communication capabilities and the acquisition of an industrial drone.

The State Emergency Service has taken possession of three new Airbridge Resilient Network Infrastructure (ARNI) communications trailers and a DJI Flycart 100 Drone, one of the first of its kind available to emergency services in Australia.

Queensland Police Deputy Commissioner for Disaster and Emergency Management Chris Stream said the ARNI trailers provided reliable satellite communication access to isolated communities during emergencies.

Deputy Commissioner Stream said the self-contained, self-powered units feature high-capacity battery storage, advanced satellite equipment, and self-managed WiFi systems, ensuring critical communication links remained operational when traditional networks were unavailable.

He said the three new trailers were in addition to two already deployed to the region in November last year.

“The Far North is no stranger to severe weather, and the communication impacts it brings,” Deputy Commissioner Stream said.

“The value of the ARNI trailers has been demonstrated during the past higher risk weather season, particularly during Tropical Cyclones Koji and Narelle.

“The trailers were able to be deployed to remote communities of Cooktown and Wujal Wujal, to support multiple activations.”

The State Emergency Service Far Northern Regional Director, Wayne Coutts said the Flycart 100 drone was a state-of-the-art, heavy-duty industrial drone and, complete with a winch, would be used for deliveries during disasters.

“We will now be able to fly more supplies into communities isolated during disasters,” Regional Director Coutts said.

“Whether it’s food, water, equipment or other supplies, this is a game changer for disaster response in Queensland.

“The Flycart and ARNI units are a major boost in our ability to keep Queenslanders safe during some of their toughest times.”

And thank you to newsreel.com.au for the report.

Related to the World Cup in America, insidetowers.com reports that The FCC played a critical role in ensuring the communications that support public safety, broadcasting, and the fan experience remained reliable throughout the 2026 FIFA World Cup. As the agency that oversees the nation’s wireless networks, the Commission conducted advanced planning, testing and coordination activities with stakeholders across the federal government, including law enforcement officials, in all 11 host cities to make sure that on-site public safety communications were seamless and reliable. That’s according to FCC Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau Chief Zenji Nakazawa and Enforcement Bureau Chief Patrick Webre.

The agency purchased sensors that were used to monitor and geo-locate sources of wireless interference. If anyone or anything tampered with public safety communications in or around any World Cup matches, the Commission would know about it and work to fix it quickly, they said in a blog.

Nakazawa and Webre have seen these tools make a difference during FCC support for the Super Bowls. “Three days before kickoff in 2023, an illegal transmission disrupted the radio communications of police and fire officials across a 400 square mile area,” they said. Local officials said it once took over a month to fix a similar problem. The FCC’s detection equipment identified and resolved this 2023 problem in two hours. At another Super Bowl, the FCC team identified public safety dead spots inadvertently caused by broadcasting equipment used during the halftime show and helped to develop a work-around.

Fans expect strong, reliable wireless service no matter how crowded the stadium gets. “World Cup-sized crowds will put our networks to the ultimate test,” they said. To make sure that fans can reliably use their devices when and where they want, the agency worked with industry to support high-capacity wireless and 5G connectivity in and around host venues. It also granted a number of temporary authorizations to allow for the “substantially increased” spectrum use for these events.

The FCC also plays a role in mitigating risks associated with unauthorized drone operations at sporting events. The FAA along with DHS and DOJ instituted “No Drone Zones” over and around the arenas, Inside Towers reported.

Thanks to Leslie Stimson of Inside Towers for the report.

Daily.hamweekly.com reports that HAMgpt, a new AI assistant created specifically for amateur radio operators, is now open to the public at hamgpt.co.

Unlike a general-purpose chatbot, HAMgpt is built around the real operating situation of each ham. It can take into account the operator’s license class, country, grid square, radios, antennas and operating history, then combine that station profile with live propagation, space weather, DX activity and current on-air conditions.

Its main purpose is to answer one deceptively simple question: What can I do with my radio today?

Amateur radio offers an enormous range of possibilities: local repeaters, HF DX, satellites, digital modes, POTA, emergency communications, antenna building, contesting and experimentation. For many newly licensed operators, however, the first experience is much less exciting. They pass the exam, buy an HT or an entry-level rig, turn it on, hear static or silence, and do not know what to try next.

HAMgpt was built to help with that exact moment.

“Many new hams do not leave the hobby because they lack information,” said Rodrigo Vazquez, AK6FP / LU6ERV, creator of HAMgpt. “They leave because nobody tells them what actually to do with the radio in their hand. HAMgpt is not trying to out-explain a general chatbot. It is trying to be the reason someone gets on the air instead of putting the radio back in the box.”

In amateur radio, an experienced operator who helps others learn the hobby is traditionally known as an Elmer. HAMgpt is designed to work like a personal digital Elmer that already knows the operator’s station.

Users can save their license class, location, exact radio models and antennas. HAMgpt reuses that information across conversations, so the operator does not need to explain the same setup every time. That context changes the quality of the answer.

For example, HAMgpt can help:

1. Identify repeaters that may realistically be worked with a particular HT or mobile rig.
2. Suggest HF bands based on live conditions and the antennas installed at the station.
3. Recommend satellite passes that fit the operator’s equipment.
4. Find nearby POTA parks to activate.
5. Explain how to configure a specific rig for FT8, Winlink, APRS or satellite work.
6. Provide antenna dimensions and construction guidance for the operator’s target band and available space.

This is what separates HAMgpt from a generic ham-radio Q&A system. The goal is not merely to answer, “What is a repeater?” or “What is an inverted-V?” The goal is to answer, “What should I try with my station right now?”

Very enterprising! Rodrigo’s chatbot is to be congratulated.

This is Dave Reece, ZS1DFR, hoping that HAMgpt will never be able to pick up my mike and call CQ for me, rendering me unnecessary at my station, and reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

GDACS continues to report on Tropical Cyclone BAVI, a category 5 Hurricane, which damaged islands in the North Mariana group on Sunday and Monday, and has since been forecast to affect Taiwan, China and Japan, threatening 63 million people in its path with winds of greater than 120km/h. Maximum wind speeds of 280km/h have already been recorded.

The Taipei Times says that the Taiwanese government has mobilized disaster relief personnel nationwide and concluded preparations in areas vulnerable to isolation during severe weather, according to Premier Cho Jung-tai.

Nationwide, authorities have ensured 6,662 disaster response personnel, 4,497 rescue vehicles, 1,254 boats and 24 helicopters are on standby, Cho wrote on Facebook. Preparations completed in 173 locations considered at risk of becoming isolated during the storm include stockpiling supplies, ensuring communications capabilities and arranging evacuation shelters, said the premier. He said the military has also placed 28,922 troops on standby for potential disaster response operations.

As of the end of last month, the Ministry of the Interior had trained more than 150,000 certified disaster prevention volunteers, enhancing Taiwan’s disaster resilience, he added.

Cho urged local governments to make full use of the remaining time before the typhoon’s arrival to accelerate drainage ditch clearing and reduce the risk of flooding and other storm-related disasters.

In the meantime China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region has experienced heavy rainfall from a typhoon named MAYSAK. News.cgtn.com says that the Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM) has coordinated with multiple agencies, including the China Meteorological Administration and the ministries of Water Resources, Natural Resources, Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and Transport. National-level emergency command operations have been activated.

Typhoon MAYSAK, the 10th typhoon of the year and the first to make landfall in China in 2026, struck the southern island province of Hainan on the 3^rd of July before moving inland and unleashing torrential rains across south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Record-breaking rainfall triggered severe flooding in multiple cities. More than 375,000 people in Guangxi have been affected, and at least 130,000 residents have been evacuated from flooded areas.

In the hardest-hit town of Yunbiao, Hengzhou County, Guangxi, a massive flood left more than 15,000 residents stranded and the entire town submerged, making roads impassable for traditional ground rescue vehicles. A drone rescue team drove over 1,700 kilometers and traveled for 18 hours to reach the disaster zone.

The team deployed two heavy-lift drones, each with a wingspan of over three meters and a carrying capacity of 100 kilograms, along with three smaller reconnaissance drones. Using drones equipped with ropes, the team successfully hoisted two stranded residents off a flooded rooftop and transported them to safety via inflatable boats.

At Guangxi authorities’ request, the MEM deployed two Wing Loong UAVs for emergency communications and, together with the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, allocated relief supplies.

The UAVs flew continuously over the affected regions, restoring mobile phone connectivity for residents cut off by the floods. Alongside the drone deployment, the ministry also sent 1,372 personnel from the China National Comprehensive Fire and Rescue Team, 270 vehicles and 140 boats, as well as 350 specialized rescuers with equipment.

The National Development and Reform Commission has allocated 100 million Yuan ($14.7 million) from the central budget to rebuild damaged infrastructure, including roads, water conservancy facilities, schools and hospitals, to help restore normal life.

As the storm continues to bring heavy rainfall to parts of southern and central China, authorities are closely monitoring river levels and flood risks. The Ministry of Water Resources is using satellites, ground-based radar and digital simulation models to track rain clouds and predict how floodwaters may spread, helping identify high-risk areas earlier and issue faster warnings.

By Friday, the death toll in all the flooding, tornadoes and also a landslide, had amounted to 39, with 130000 people evacuated from their homes. Remember they still face Cyclone BAVI, which is approaching from the South East.

Here’s an interesting concept from hackster.io.com/news. They note that invisible radio waves are bouncing around everywhere, carrying everything from Wi-Fi traffic and drone video feeds to satellite transmissions. Engineers have long relied on spectrum analyzers and software-defined radios to listen to these signals, but actually seeing where they originate is another matter entirely — and doing it typically requires complex and expensive laboratory equipment well beyond the reach of most hobbyists and educators.

QuadRF was designed to change that by packaging a complete 4×4 MIMO software-defined radio, phased-array antenna system, Raspberry Pi 5, and open source software into a single development kit. The result is what its creators describe as a real-time RF camera, capable of displaying nearby wireless transmitters as augmented reality overlays while also serving as a platform for beamforming, wireless research, robotics, and advanced SDR development.

At the core of the system is a coherent four-antenna array capable of measuring tiny differences in the arrival time of radio signals. Those measurements are transformed into a live, 30 frames per second augmented reality display that overlays wireless transmissions onto the real world through a smartphone or laptop. Instead of simply showing signal strength on a graph, QuadRF can identify the physical location of Wi-Fi access points, wireless cameras, drones, beacons, and other transmitters, with each source color-coded by frequency.

The visualization is only one part of the package. Users can tap on an identified signal source and route it into SDR software for decoding, or transmit a beam-formed signal back toward the device. The included Raspberry Pi 5 runs the web interface, calibration software, and many SDR applications locally, while heavier signal processing workloads can be offloaded over Gigabit Ethernet, USB 3.0, or Wi-Fi to external software such as GNU Radio, SDRangel, or Pothos.

The hardware is built around a full-duplex 4×4 MIMO architecture with four transmit and four receive chains operating across the 4.9 to 6.0 GHz C-band. Each antenna supports up to 40 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth and up to 1 W of transmit power. Signal processing is handled by a Lattice ECP5 FPGA working alongside the Raspberry Pi 5, with a completely open source software stack released under GPL licenses.

The platform can be used to study RF reflections and material absorption, develop beamforming algorithms, build high-bandwidth mesh networks, improve long-range wireless communications, characterize antennas, or provide robots with a new method of sensing their environment using radio signals. The creators also envision it as an educational platform for teaching phased arrays, MIMO communications, and spatial RF concepts without requiring professional laboratory equipment.

While a single QuadRF functions as a standalone phased-array SDR, multiple units can be combined into much larger antenna arrays. The developers envision everything from 240-element amateur radio arrays capable of Earth-Moon-Earth communications to backyard radio telescopes.

Thank you to hackster.io.com for that fascinating description.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.

Sadly, Venezuela is still in the news. Because the epicenter of the twin quakes occurred in a densely populated area with lots of multi-storey buildings, the devastation has been far worse than a magnitude 7.5 earthquake in a rural area might have been. Aerial views of the areas around Caracas and la Guaira show complete destruction with mounds of rubble lying everywhere.

Original posts of casualties took off very quickly, and the last figure I saw yesterday was a death toll of at least 2645, more than 12000 injured and with thousands seemingly still unaccounted for. Good news stories have been posted of a 3 year old child surviving for 3 days before being rescued, and a security guard stuck in his little cubicle being rescued after 8 days, but the “golden window” I spoke about last week has seemingly closed, and not many more survivors will still be found.

Rescue crews from many countries, not only from the Caribbean area, are still present, and the clearing of urban rubble continues. It may take weeks before the final casualty total is revealed.

Carlos CO2JC of IARU region 2, has requested that their emergency frequency of 7135 kHz LSB still be avoided, in case dramatic events occur. Greg G0DUB says he will notify us in IARU region 1 once 7135 is freed up.

On Wednesday, news.sky.com reported that 59000 buildings had been destroyed, that more than 43000 people were still unaccounted for, over 15000 were homeless and that diseases were starting to spread in the disaster zone because of lack of clean water, food supplies, and sufficient medical supplies to deal with the open wounds of the survivors. The United Nations was preparing to provide at least 10000 body bags.

And on Wednesday morning early, our time, a magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck a fairly sparsely populated region in China at a depth of 10km, exposing a small population of about 8000 to severe shaking. China does not usually report on casualties in these situations, so we must hope that damage was minimal, and injuries few and far between

Also on Wednesday, first mention was made by GDACS of an RED Alert for a  Tropical Cyclone, first named NINE, but later formerly named BAVI, threatening the Northern Mariana Islands including Guam from an east-south-easterly direction, with maximum wind speeds of up to 275km/h, as a category 5 cyclone. About 141000 people are in the path of winds of up to 120km/h. The storm will cross the islands today (Sunday) and tomorrow (Monday).

By Monday of this week al, reports were already starting to emerge in the local newspapers from counties and states in the US after the Field Day weekend. I think we must wait for the ARRL to report formally on the success or otherwise of the weekend, but it certainly looks as though thousands of radio operators had a very good time.

Scott Buchanan, writing in economistwritingeveryday.com has a cheerful and fresh way of telling the story. I’ll quote most of it here, perhaps to intrigue the fringe listeners to this bulletin who don’t know what this is all about. He writes:

“When visiting a large county park the other day, I noticed a sign for “Amateur Radio Field Day, Public Welcome.” I have always had great respect for amateur radio operators, for their technical prowess and for their service in emergencies when other forms of communication fail. So, I wandered over to see what was happening.

“There were maybe half a dozen large screened in gazebo type tents. In each gazebo there were one or two men seated before some radio apparatus on a table, with a couple other guys sitting in more of a spectator role, chatting away. Someone had used a potato-cannon to shoot a fishing line over the top of a tall tree, which was then used to pull up a rope, which was then used to pull up a long antenna wire. There was also a tall standalone antenna mast, held erect by three guy wires staked to the ground.

“What were these guys doing? They were mainly doing what hams mainly do, which is reaching out across the continent and across the globe, to make contact via radio with other amateur radio operators. Some were doing it by voice communication, using single side band (SSB) technology for more efficient transmissions. Some were using a computer interface to turn their transmissions into a digital format, which could be transmitted and received more effectively. The guy on the other end would have matching software to turn the numbers back into words.

“And there was one guy doing it the old-fashioned way, listening to “beep, beep, beedily beep” Morse code coming in, and transcribing that to letters and numbers. The Morse code beeps can cut through radio clutter more strongly than voice signals, allowing more distant contacts with relatively low power, which is kind of a bragging point.

“The special thing about so-called short waves used by hams is that they can reflect or refract from the underside of charged layers high up in the atmosphere. Your signal can bounce off those layers and come back to earth hundreds or thousands of miles away. Before the Internet, this was actually a big deal. The only other ways to communicate back then with distant people were snail mail, telegraph, or long-distance telephone, which was super expensive and grid dependent. I put together a short-wave radio kit around 1970, and it was pretty amazing to hear a station broadcasting from Ecuador, not to mention Radio Moscow. Voice of America and BBC short wave broadcasts helped to keep the ideal of freedom alive in Soviet occupied Europe for many decades.

“I am something of a techie myself, with a professional career in chemical engineering. But I found myself far out-geeked by these gentlemen. They would be certainly eager to help in the event of emergency, but that’s actually a very rare thing. It seems much of the thrill is simply the technology itself. To truly understand antenna theory, and even to design and build your own radio, are marks of distinguishment in that crowd.”

Thank you Scott for letting me borrow those paragraphs from your blog. The amazement of an “outsider” is evident in your writings.

This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.